Valorization of brown algae (Cystoseira caespitosa) from local region in Algeria for sodium alginate extraction and their application in the immobilization of microbial pectinases

N. Hachemi-Benmalek, A. Nouani, A. Benchabane

Abstract


 Abstract: Sodium alginate were extracted from brown algae (Cystoseira Caespitosa) collected from Algerian Mediterranean coast. the physicochemical characteristic of sodium alginate showed that the average yield was 12% and the average molecular masse was 9000Da calculated using intrinsic viscosity data. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the extracted powder of sodium alginate,  COO- and C-O-C were evident in the finger print region, the ratio of guluronic acid (G) / mannuronic acid (M) was recorded to be 0.91. This polysaccharide were used to immobilize crude  pectinolytic enzymes synthesized by a strain of Aspergillus niger sp. The immobilization was carried out by dropwise introduction of alginate-enzyme mixture into a 0.2M CaCl 2 solution, by this technique, alginates shrinking in the form of spherical beads. The calcium alginate beads have been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), observation under SEM showed that the beads have a rough surface and the enzymes were successfully included in the beads.  The immobilization efficiency was about 83.9% and the immobilized enzyme could be reused in 4 cycles keeping 42,14% of its initial activity. The beads were successfully used for apple juice clarification.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ridley, B. L.; O’Neill, M. A.; Mohen, D. Pectins: Structure, biosynthesis, and oligogalacturonide-related signaling. Phytochemistry,57, (2001) 929–967

Kashyap, D.R.; Voha, P.K.; Chopa, S.; Tewari, R. Application of pectinases in commercial sector: a review. Bioresou. Technol. 77 (2001) 215–227.

Sheldon, R. A. Enzyme immobilization: The quest for optimum performance, Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 349, (2007) 1289–1307.

Mateo, C.; Plomo, J.M.; Fernandez- Lorente, G.; Guisan, J.M.; Fernandez Lafuente, R.; Improvement of enzyme activity, stability and selectivity via immobilization technique. Enzyme Microb. Techno., 40, (2007) 1451–1463.

Bautista, F. M.; Bravo, M. C.; Campelo, J. M. A. Garcia, D. Luna, J. M. Marinas, J. Romero, “Covalent immobilization of porcine pancreatic lipase on amorphous AlPO4 and other inorganic supports. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 72, (1998) 249–254.

Qader, S. A. U.; Aman, A. Low molecular weight dextran: Immobilization of cells of Leuconostoc mesenteroides KIBGE HA1 on calcium alginate beads. Carbohydrate Polymer,87 (2012) 2589–2592.

Tuoping, Li.; Suhong, Li.;. Wang, Na.; Lirui, T. Immobilization and stabilization of pectinase by multipoint attachment onto an activated agar-gel support. Food Chemist., 109 (2008) 703–708.

Smidsrod O.; Skjak-Brlk, G. Alginate as immobilization matrix for cells. Trends in Biotechnol., 8 (1990) 71–78.

Sadhukhan, R.; Roy, S. K.; Chakrabarty, S. L. Immobilization of a-amylasefrom Myceliophthorathermohila D-14 (ATCC 48104). Enzy. and Microb. Technol., 15, (1993) 801–804.

Gotoha, T.; Matsushima, K.; Kikuchi, K. Preparation of alginate–chitosan hybrid gel beads and adsorption of divalent metal ions. chemosphere, 55(2003) 135-140.

Busto, M.D.; Garc´ıa-Tramont´ın, K.E.; Ortega, N.; Perez-Mateos, M. Preparation and properties of an immobilized pectinlyase for the treatment of fruit juices. Biores. Technol., 97 (2006) 1477–1483.

Sari-Chmayssem, N .; Taha, S.; Mawlawi, H.; Benvegnu, T. Extracted and depolymerized alginates from brown algae Sargassum vulgare of Lebanese origin: chemical, rheological, and antioxidant properties,. Journal of Appl. Phycol. 28, (2016) 1915–1929.

Acuna- Arguelles, M.E.; Gutierrez-Rogas, M.; Viniegra- Gonzalez, G.; Favela- Torres, E. Production and properties of three pectinolytic activity produced by Aspergillus Niger in submerged and solid state fermentation. Appl. Micobiol. Biotechnol. 43, (1995) 808–814.

Hachemi, N.; Nouani, A.; Benchabane, A. Bioconversion of oranges wastes for pectinase production using Aspergillus niger under solid state fermentation. Int. J. of Biolog., Biomolec., Agricult., Food and Biotechnolog. enginneer. 9 (2015) 999–1004.

Lowry, O.M.; Rosebrough, N.J.; Farr, A.L.; Randall, R.J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of biology chemistry,139 (1991) 265–275.

Bouchaud, L.; Foubert, J.; Leblay, M.; Menager, Y.; Metz, S. La transformation des algues marines Bio en Bretagne. Inter Bio Bretagne vous informe e point sr. (2012)1–4.

Macartin, P.; Gill, Cl.; Books, M.; Campell, R.; Rowland, I.R. Nutritional value of edible seaweeds. Nutrition Review. 65, (2007) 5355–43.

Indriani, D.J.; Brudianto, E. A study of extraction and characterization of alginates obtained from brown macroalgue Sargassum duplicatum Sargassum cassifolium from Indonisia. Dent. J., 46 (2013).65-70.

Romo, S.; Perez-Marting, C. The use of immobilization in alginate beads for long term storage of Pseudonabaena Galeato (Cyanobacteia) in the laboratory. Journal of phycol., 33(1997) 1073–1076.

Kloareg, B.; Quatrano, R.S. Structure of the cell walls of marine algae and écophysiological functions of yhe matrix polysaccharide. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. 26 (1998) 259–315.

Bi, F.; Mahmoud, S.J.; Arman, M.; Taj, N.; Iqbal, S. Physiochelical characterization and ionic studies of sodium alginate from Sargassum tenarium (brown algae). phys. and chem. liq. , an Inter. J., 45 (2007) 4536-461.

Theo, E.;. Christian, N.O. Analyse des polysaccharides. Techniques de l'ingenieur. TA4 (2008) P3326.

Cho, S.Y.; Kang, H.J.; Joo, D.S.; Lee, L.S.; Kim, S.M. A comparative study on physical properties and gel formation abilities of hot water extractable material, water soluble alginate and alkali soluble alginate extracted from Laminaria- japonica, Korean journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences. 32 (1999) 774–778.

M. Mathlouthi, J.L. Koenig, “Vibrational spectra of carbohydrates,ˮ Adv Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., vol. 44 (1986) 7–89.

Sinha, S.; Astani, A.; Ghosh, T.; Schnitzler, P.; Ray, B. Polysaccharides from Sargassum tenerrimum: structural features, chemical modifi- cation and anti-viral activity. Phytochemistry,71(2010) 2352–42.

Belattmania, Z.; Zrid, R.; Reani, A.; Elatouani, S.; Sabbar, E.M.; Mourtadi, A.; El Moznine, R.; Cherkaoui, O.; Bentiss, F.; Sabour, B. Spectroscopic and rheological characterization of sodium alginate extracted from three Phaeophycean seaweeds (Dictyopteris polypodioides, Dilophus ligulatus and Halopteris scoparia) from El Jadida shoreline – Morocco (Caractérisation spectroscopique et rhéologique des alginates de sodium extraits de trois algues marines Phaeophyceae (Dictyopteris polypodioides, Dilophus ligulatus et Halopteris scoparia) de la côte d’El Jadida – Maroc). J. Mater. Environ. Sci.,6 (2015) 1654–1662.

Suresh, B. et Viruthagiri, T. Optimization and kinectics of pectinase enzyme using Aspergillus niger by solid-state fermentation. Ind. J. of Sci. and Technol., 3 (2010) 867-870.

Sandri, I.G.; Fontana, R.C.; Barfknecht, D.M.; Silveira, M.M. Clarification of fruit juices by fungal pectinases. LWT - Food Sci. and Technol., 44 (2011) 2217-2222.

Bustamante-Vargas, C. D.; Oliveira, Valduga, V.; Venquiaruto, L.; Paroul, N.; Backes, G.; Dallago, R. Biometric Minéralization of the Alginate/Gelatine /CalciumO xalate Matrix for immobilization of pectinase: Influence of Matrix on the pectinolytic Activity. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol ., 176 (2016) 2050–2057.

Rehman, H.U.; Aman, A.; Silipo, A.; Qader, S.A.; Molinaro, U.L.; Ansari, A. Degradation of complex carbohydrate: Immobilization of pectinase from Bacillus licheniformis KIBGE-IB21 using calcium alginate as a support,” Food Chemistry. 139 (2013) 1081–1086.

Chauhn, S.; Vohra, A.; Lakhanpal, A.; Gupta, R. Immobilisation of commercial pectinase (polygalacturonase) on celite and its applicationin jus clarification. J. of Food Process. and Preser., 39 (2015) 1-7.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.